Abdomen Sonography: Urinary Masses (Bladder) - Video Lesson

Hey, everyone. Welcome back to our abdominal extended sonography series. In today's lesson, we're focusing on the urinary bladder, its normal sonographic appearance, common pathologies and how to identify key features of abnormalities on ultrasound. Understanding the bladder is essential for a complete urinary system evaluation and knowing how to distinguish normal from abnormal features can directly impact patient care. Let's dive in. Let's take a moment to review the normal sonographic appearance of the urinary bladder. Understanding its normal anatomy and expected imaging features is essential before identifying pathologies like wall thickening, masses or infection. The bladder should be smooth walled and uniformly anechoic. The wall should be less than three millimeters when fully distended and can measure up to five millimeters when partially empty. Wall thickening of the bladder is typically caused by infection such as cystitis or obstruction. Intraluminal abnormalities including masses like